Calculating-machine.



Patented Sept. Il, i900.

w. G. POWELL.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

(Application filed Jau, 19,` 1900.)

No Model.)

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. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TILLIAM G. POWELL, OF JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO FRANK CLARK, OF SAME PLACE.

CALouLATlNc-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming` part of Letters Patent No. '657.674, dated September 11. 1900.

Application iiled January 19, 1900. Serial No. 2,044. tNo model.)

.To all wiz/0m it may concern.-

Be it known that I, VILLIAM G. POWELL, a cil izen ofthe United States, residing at Jacksonville, in the county of Duval and State of Florida, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Calculating-Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a fu ll, clear, and exact description of' the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art lo which it appertains to make and use the same.

'lhis invention relates to calculating-machines; and it consists in the novel construction and combination of the parts hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure I is a plan View of the machine. Fig. 2 is a cross-section taken on the line x vin Fig. l and drawn to a larger scale. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the spring.

A is the base of the machine.

l is a plate secured to the hase and provided with a large circular hole Z). The plate B is divided into one hundred equal spaces around the hole, and these spaces are nunr bered from 0 to 99, consecutively. rl`he zero or reading space C is preferably arranged to the right hand, and the numerals are pref"- erably arranged to read from the zero-space in the direction of motion of the hands of a watch.

D is a pivot-pin projecting from the base in the center of the hole b.

E is a disk which is journaled on the pin D and. which rests on the hase A. The disk E is divided into one hundred equal spaces around its edge, yand these spaces are numbered from 0 to 99, consecutively.

C is the zero or reading space of the disk E, and the numerals read from the Zero-space in the reverse direction from the numerals on the plate. When the two zero-spaces are in line, the numerals l are in line with the numerals 99, and the numerals 2 are in line with the numerals 98, and so on.

Fisaspring-catch orspringactuated catch, which is secured to the base and provided with a projection f,'which engages with a series of recesses f in the under side of the disk E. The disk E has one hundred recesses f-one for each of its said spaces-and the catch normally engages with one of these recesses and may have guide-arms g2 journaled on the pivot-pin D or it may have any other approved guide. The guide-fianges g rest on the hase and permit the ring to be revolved with very little friction. rl`he catch F projects under the ring G, and the ring G is provided with a hole or socket G in its upper side and a projection g/ 011 its lower side.

The ring` G is revolved by inserting the point of a handle 7L, such as a rod or pencil, into the hole or socket, and when the hole is a perforation the projection g/ may be dispensed with, as the point of the handle projects through the-hole and forms a projection ou the under side of the ring. Each time the ring is revolved its projection depresses the catch and releases the disk E. The disk E is revolved step by step by frictional contact with the ring,` G, and the catch is made of such width that it is released by the projection in time to engage with the next adjacent recess of the disk. The disk is therefore revolved step by step and is moved one numeral-space each time the ring is caused to make a complete revolution.

The ring G has two concentric series of spaces. Each series consists of one hundred spaces corresponding with each other and with the spaces on the ring and plate. The outer spaces on the ring are numbered from O to 99, corresponding with the numerals on the plate, and the inner spaces are similarly numbered to correspond with the numerals on the disk. The zero-spaces c of traction.

IOO

G is turned in the direction of the arrow on the drawings, with the numerals arranged as shown; but, if desired, the numerals majv be arranged in the reverse order, and the ring should then be turned in the reverse direction. Subtraction is effected by working the machine in the reverse manner to working it for addition.

The machine is used for adding numerals of two figures in the following manner: Suppose the numerals 21, 97, and SO are to be added together. The parts being in the relative positions shown in Fig. l, the ring G is first turned in the direction of the arrow until its zero-spaces come opposite the space 2l of the plate B. rlhe next numeral, 97, to be added is now found on the outer circle of the ring, and it will be observed that it comes opposite the numeral 1S of the plate l. The ring` is therefore turned in the same direction as before until its zero-spaces come opposite the numeral 1S on the plate B. The numerals 118 are now displayed in line with the readingspace C on the disk and on the inner circle of the ring combined, the l being on the disk and the 1Son the ring, and one hundred and eighteen is the sum of twenty-one and ninety-seven. rlhe next numeral SO to be added is now found on the outer circle of the ring, without moving the ring, and it will be observed that it comes opposite the numeral 98 on the plate B. The ring is therefore turned in the same direction as before until its Zero-spaces come opposite the numeral 9S on the plate ll. The numerals 19S are now displayed in line with the reading-space Con the disk and inner circle of the ring combined,and onehund red and ninety-eight is the sum of twenty-one, ninety-seven, and eighty. Other numerals of two figures each can be added in a similar manner until the sum reaches ten thousand. Columns of four or more .figures can be added by first adding the column of two figures at the right hand and using all the numerals of the sum except the two right-hand figures as carrying-figures to be added in with the second columnof two figures. 'lliedisk isonly moved by the ring when the numeral to be added increases the sum displayed in line with the reading-space C, so that a new numeral is required at the left hand to express the new sum. The disk is moved one step, therefore, each time the pencil or operatingrod crosses the catch and disengages it from the disk and turns the disk until the catch drops into the next recess of the series.

What I claim isl. In a calculating-machine, the combination, with a base, a revoluble disk, and a stationary plate; of a revoluble ring provided with a hollow projection on its under side which forms a socket for the operating-handle, a catch secured to the said base and arranged in the path of the said projection and normally preventing` the said disk from revolving, and a handle for engaging with the said socket and revolving the said ring and disk, substantially as set forth.

2. In a calculating-machine, the combination, with a base, a revoluble disk, and a stationary plate; of a revoluble ring journaled between the said plate and disk and provided with offset flanges at its lower edges which rest on the base and support the body of the ring clear of the base, said ring having also a hollow projection on its under side which forms a socket for the operati11g-handle, a catch arranged under the said disk and ring in the path of the said projection and normally preventing the disk from revolving, and ahandle for engaging with the said socket and revolving the said ring, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I al'lix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

VVILLlAM G. POWELL.

'Vitnesses:

C. D. RINEHART, JAMES F. GLEN. 

